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The administration of U.S. President Joe Biden is aiming for new rules to push electric vehicle sales in the United States.
美國總統喬·拜登領導的政府正在制定新規定，以推動電動汽車在美國的銷售。
Biden wants the Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, to place new restrictions on pollution coming from cars and trucks.
拜登希望美國國家環境保護局對轎車和卡車造成的污染施加新的限制。
The effect of the rules is that most new vehicles sold in the U.S. will need to be electric by 2032.
這些規定的影響是，到2032年，在美國銷售的大多數新車都是電動汽車。
The new rules limit pollution that can come from cars and trucks produced between 2027 and 2032.
新規定限制了在2027年至2032年期間生產的轎車和卡車可能產生的污染。
The proposal is stronger than the one automakers agreed to less than two years ago.
這項提議比汽車制造商不到兩年前達成的提議更強硬。
The plan could be put in place by 2024.
該計劃可能會在2024年實施。
It is part of Biden's stated goal to cut in half greenhouse gasses from the U.S. by 2030.
這是拜登提出的到2030年將美國的溫室氣體排放量減少一半的目標的一部分。
Scientists say greenhouse gasses trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere.
科學家表示，溫室氣體將熱量保留在地球大氣層中。
Here are details about the EPA's proposal.
以下是環保局提案的細節。
The EPA will not tell automakers how many electric vehicles they must sell each year.
美國國家環境保護局沒有提到汽車制造商每年必須銷售的電動汽車數量。
Instead, the government's pollution restrictions will influence the kinds of cars and trucks automakers can offer.
相反，美國政府的污染限制將影響汽車制造商能夠提供的轎車和卡車的種類。
The EPA believes most smaller vehicles sold by 2032 will be electric and just under 50 percent of larger vehicles, such as trucks, will be electric.
美國國家環境保護局認為，到2032年，銷售的大多數小型汽車都是電動汽車，而卡車等大型汽車將有不到50%是電動的。
The head of the EPA is Michael Regan.
美國國家環境保護局局長是邁克爾·里根。
Biden appointed him to lead the agency in 2021.
拜登于2021年任命他領導該機構。
Regan said the plan is "the most ambitious…ever for cars and trucks."
里根說，該計劃是“有史以來對轎車和卡車實施的最宏大的計劃”。
He said it would result in cleaner air and lower fuel costs for Americans.
他說，這將為美國人帶來更清潔的空氣和更低的燃料成本。
John Bozzella is the leader of an automotive trade group called the Alliance for Automotive Innovation.
約翰·博澤拉是汽車貿易組織“汽車創新聯盟”的領導人。
He called the new plan "aggressive" and expressed concern that the goals are too high.
他稱新計劃是“激進的”，并對目標過高表示擔憂。
He said the Biden administration announced a policy less than two years ago that was already difficult for automakers to put in place.
他說，拜登政府在不到兩年前宣布了一項汽車制造商很難實施的政策。
That policy required 50 percent of all new vehicles to be electric by 2030.
這項政策要求到2030年，50%的新車是電動汽車。
Bozzella called that plan a "stretch goal."
博澤拉稱該計劃為“延伸目標”。
He said the success of either plan still depends on two important factors: First, automakers must be able to produce enough electric vehicles to reach the goals.
他說，任何一項計劃的成功仍取決于兩個重要因素：首先，汽車制造商必須能夠生產足夠多的電動汽車來實現目標。
Second, most Americans need to be able to pay for the new cars.
其次，大多數美國人需要有能力購買新車。
Bozzella said the question is not whether this can be done; "It's how fast can it be done?"
博澤拉說，問題不是這件事能否做到，而是能以多快的速度完成。
He said the new plan requires "the right policies and market conditions."
他說，新計劃需要“正確的政策和市場條件”。
The EPA says the new requirements would reduce pollution from vehicles by 56 percent compared to the rules set for vehicles made in 2026.
美國環保局表示，與2026年為汽車制定的規定相比，新要求將減少56%的汽車污染。
They would improve air quality and save car owners thousands of dollars in fuel costs.
它們將改善空氣質量，并為車主節省數千美元的燃料成本。
In addition, the U.S. would not need to import as much oil.
此外，美國將不需要進口那么多的石油。
In the first three months of 2023, electric vehicles accounted for 7.2 percent of all vehicles sold in the U.S.
在2023年的前三個月，電動汽車銷量占美國汽車總銷量的7.2%。
Electric vehicle sales appear to be increasing.
電動汽車的銷量似乎在增加。
Last year, 5.8 percent of all new vehicles sold were electric.
去年，售出的所有新車中有5.8%是電動汽車。
Automotive industry experts and research organizations say the cost of electric vehicles and the difficulty of charging them will continue to be a problem for Americans.
汽車行業專家和研究機構表示，電動汽車的成本和充電難度仍將是美國人面臨的一個問題。
LMC Automotive is an industry research company.
LMC Automotive是一家行業研究公司。
It said new electric vehicle sales could make up 49 percent of all sales by 2032.
該公司表示，到2032年，新的電動汽車銷量可能占到總銷量的49%。
But the number may not go above that until costs come down.
但在成本下降之前，這個數字可能不會超過49%。
A recent public opinion study said most Americans do not want to buy electric cars.
最近的一項民意調查顯示，大多數美國人不想購買電動汽車。
Only 19 percent of those who took part said the next time they buy a car; it will be electric.
在參與調查的人中，只有19%的人表示，他們下次會買電動汽車。
Just under half said they were unlikely to buy an electric car.
不到一半的人表示，他們不太可能購買電動汽車。
One member of the Biden administration, however, said the goals are reachable with the "lead time" they have.
然而，拜登政府的一名成員表示，這些目標是可以在他們制定的“交付周期”內實現的。
Ali Zaidi is Biden's climate adviser.
阿里·扎伊迪是拜登的氣候顧問。
He said the number of electric cars available has doubled and sales have tripled since Biden took office.
他說，自拜登上任以來，電動汽車的數量翻了一番，銷量增加了兩倍。
"The automakers have…technology and infrastructure and supply chain to be able to achieve this," Zaidi said.
扎伊迪說：“汽車制造商擁有能夠實現這一目標的技術、基礎設施和供應鏈?！?/p>
Transportation is said to be the largest producer of carbon gasses in the U.S.
據說，運輸業是美國最大的碳排放者。
The EPA said transportation uses produced about 27 percent of gasses released in 2020.
美國環保局表示，2020年排放的氣體中，約有27%是由交通運輸業產生的。
Electric power production came second with 25 percent of gases produced.
其次是電力生產業，產生了25%的氣體。
Environmental groups say reducing pollution from cars and trucks would clean the air.
環保組織表示，減少轎車和卡車的污染將會凈化空氣。
They say less carbon gasses will reduce problems from bad weather such as hurricanes, tornadoes and fires.
他們說，減少碳排放將減少颶風、龍卷風和火災等惡劣天氣帶來的問題。
The Biden administration is offering some Americans help in purchasing electric vehicles in the form of a tax credit.
拜登政府以稅收抵免的形式向一些購買電動汽車的美國人提供幫助。
However, the reduced taxes are only available to Americans with incomes below a certain level.
然而，減稅只適用于收入低于一定水平的美國人。
In addition, not all cars and trucks qualify for the full tax credit.
此外，并不是所有的轎車和卡車都有資格享受全額稅收抵免。
Kelley Blue Book is a company that reports on the price of new and used vehicles.
凱利藍皮書是一家報告新車和二手車價格的公司。
It said the smaller credit might not be enough to persuade Americans to buy electric cars.
它表示，較小的稅收抵免額度可能不足以說服美國人購買電動汽車。
Right now, the average cost of an electric vehicle is about $58,000.
目前，一輛電動汽車的平均價格約為5.8萬美元。
I'm Dan Friedell.
丹·弗里德爾為您播報。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
