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Give it a rest
休息一下吧
To ensure vaccines work properly, get a good night’s sleep.
為了確保疫苗正常工作，晚上睡個好覺。
Vaccines get all the glory, but it is really the immune system that does the heavy lifting.
獲得了所有榮譽的是疫苗，但實際上是免疫系統做了繁重的工作。
Indeed, those with weak immune systems often benefit little from vaccines.
事實上，免疫系統較弱的人從疫苗中受益很少。
Aware of this, researchers have long thought that people deprived of sleep
意識到這一點，研究人員長期以來一直認為，睡眠不足的人
also ought to benefit less from vaccines, as sleeping less is thought to reduce immune function.
從疫苗中受益也應該較少，因為睡眠不足被認為會降低免疫功能。
A new analysis reveals that this is clearly the case—though only in men.
一項新的分析報告表明，情況確實如此——盡管僅限于男性。
The immune system is metabolically expensive for the body to operate.
免疫系統的運作需要大量的新陳代謝。
When resources run low, it cannot function as well as it might when well supported.
當資源不足時，它無法像得到全力支持時那樣發揮作用。
This is why people who are profoundly cold for long periods of time tend to fall ill—
這就是為什么長時間處于極度寒冷的人容易生病——
their bodies are burning calories to stay warm that might otherwise have been used to fuel their defence.
他們的身體正在燃燒卡路里來保持溫暖，不然這些卡路里就會被用來增強抵抗力。
The immune system is similarly hamstrung by a lack of sleep since a number of its key components,
睡眠不足同樣會削弱免疫系統的功能，因為免疫系統的許多關鍵成分，
such as the white blood cells that produce antibodies, are predominantly made by the body when a person is slumbering.
如產生抗體的白細胞，主要是在人睡眠時由身體產生的。
Yet it has remained unclear whether poor sleep at a time of vaccination leads to reduced immune benefits.
然而，目前尚不清楚接種疫苗時睡眠不足是否會導致免疫益處降低。
Vaccines work by presenting the immune system with the foreign material of a pathogen.
疫苗的工作原理是向免疫系統提供病原體的外來物質。
The system reacts by making antibodies, though these do not last for ever—
系統通過產生抗體來進行反應，盡管這些抗體不會永遠持續——
they circulate in great numbers shortly after a real or vaccine-induced invasion
它們在真正或疫苗誘導的病毒入侵不久后大量循環，
but their population wanes over time.
但隨著時間的推移，它們的數量會逐漸減少。
Eventually, another shot of vaccine is needed to boost the antibody count.
最終，需要再注射一針疫苗來增加抗體數量。
